Transportation safety healthcare safety driver distraction theory, effects, and mitigation. A sociotechnical systems approach promotes a sociotechnical systems approach to driver distraction. The most important difference is whether only visual inattention or also cognitive inattention should be included. It developed and assessed realtime distraction detection and mitigation systems to 1 guide technology development to enhance driver safety, and 2 identify potential evaluation techniques to characterize and assess this emerging technology. Cognitive neuroscientist david strayer, phd, studies how the brain processes information to better understand what causes driver distraction. Driver inattention and driver distraction in serious.
Congress, state legislatures, the media, and the public at large. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Triggsa, john brownb a accident research centre, monash university, australia b national roads and motorists association, australia. Clearly, dd constitutes a major highway safety problem. Driver distraction and use effects on the road pdf november 2004. Insufficient data exist to assess the distraction effects of invehicle information systems ivis, however. Lee, kristie young outlines the underlying theory of distraction, its effects on driving performance and safety, and strategies for mitigating these effects. Theory, effects, and mitigation gives a comprehensive overview of this issue, outlining the underlying theory of distraction, its effects on driving performance and safety. Many different methods have been used to assess the prevalence and types of driver distraction that occur, and to describe the.
It considers major sources of distraction both inside and outside the vehicle communication devices. An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of distraction mitigation strategies on drivers performance and productivity while engaged in an invehicle information system task. A practical resource for understanding, preventing, and managing driver distraction it is estimated that up to 23 percent of crashes and nearcrashes are caused by driver distraction, and these figures will likely increase as more and more distractions, both inside and outside the vehicle, compete for driver attention. Driver acceptance of distraction mitigation strategies. Theory, effects, and mitigation gives a comprehensive. Theory, effects and mitigation, published by crc press in 2008 and initiated and cochaired the first international conference on driver distraction and inattention, held in.
This chapter provides a general overview of the term driver distraction, what it means, how it relates to driver inattention, types of driver distraction, sources of driver distraction, factors that moderate the effects of distraction on driving, the interference that can derive from distraction, theories that seek to explain this interference, the impact of distraction on driving. This paper will focus on evaluation of different algorithms for detecting driver. This perspective focuses on analysis of the whole system, its values, and the interactions between human and technical elements at all organisational levels. Lee department of mechanical and industrial engineering university of iowa iowa city, iowa driver distraction can be described as the diversion of drivers attention from the primary task of driving and is one of the most common causes of crashes. A professional driver talks about the importance of keeping your eyes on the road when youre driving. We investigated the effects of adas specifically lane departure warning ldw on driving performance while participants performed a secondary task mental math designed to simulate cognitive effort while driving. Much of this attention stems from the enormous increase in cellular telephone use by drivers and the prospect of. Theory, effects, and mitigation gives a comprehensive overview of this issue, outlining. The driver should be able to keep at least one hand on the steering wheel while performing a secondary task both drivingrelated and nondriving related 3. Michael is the senior editor and a coauthor of the first book on driver distraction driver distraction.
Driver distraction research has a long history, spanning nearly 50 years, but intensifying. Meeting the challenges of new technology and automation. The drivers eyes should usually be looking at the road ahead 2. Theory, effects, and mitigation gives a comprehensive overview of this issue, outlining the underlying theory of distraction, its effects on driving performance and safety, strategies for mitigating its effects, and directions for future research. Distracted driving refers to the act of driving while engaging in other activities which distract the drivers attention away from the road. The effects of concurrent invehicle tasks, road environment complexity and age on driving performance tim horberrya. Driver distraction, and its implicit effects on hazard recognition and vehicle control, has been a prominent topic on highway safety agendas, as well as for the u.
Theory, effects and mitigation, published by crc press in. The role of driver distraction in traffic crashes prepared by jane c. It also brings together the wide array of literature on the topic into one. By determining what takes our attention off the road.
Advanced driving simulator nads1 for detecting the effects of distraction was validated. There is increasing evidence that driver distraction and. The sources of driver distraction can reside inside or outside the vehicle, be technologyrelated or. Examination of the distraction effects of wireless phone interfaces using the national advanced driving simulator preliminary report on a freeway scenario studypdf. Handbook of driving simulation for engineering, medicine. Because invehicle technology to reduce driver distraction is a form of automation, different levels of automation guide the effectiveness and acceptance of the strategies. The reader is referred to regan, lee and victor 20 and regan, lee. Understanding the effects of distracted driving and. The role of driver distraction in traffic crashes pdf. Driver distraction has been defined in many different ways. The benefit you get by reading this book is actually information.
Its from ford motor companys driving skills for life program, which is designed to help. Driver distraction theory, effects, and mitigation edited by michael a. Theory, effects and mitigation find, read and cite all the research you need on. Driver distraction is understood as a form of inattention and has been defined as a diversion of attention away from activities critical for safe driving toward a competing activity. Theory, effects, and mitigation book is not really ordinary book, you have it then the world is in your hands.
The impact of distraction mitigation strategies on driving. Studies were conducted to assess driver acceptance of and trust in distraction mitigation strategies. Driver distraction dd is characterized by the diversion of attention away from the driving task in favor of a secondary activity e. Driver distraction is the diversion of attention away from activities critical for safe driving toward a competing activity, which may result in insufficient or no attention to activities critical for safe driving. Request pdf on jan 1, 2008, regan and others published driver distraction. Addressing driver distraction demands a clear definition and theoretical orientation. Many definitions of driver distraction have been developed and the following reflects an integration of many of these. Cellular device use while behind the wheel is one of the most common forms of distracted driving.
The distraction induced by any secondary task performed while driving should not exceed that associated with a. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence and nature of driver inattention and driver distraction in serious casualty crashes, by using regan et al. However, how these systems affect a drivers ability to safely, efficiently, and comfortably operate a vehicle remains unclear. It is estimated that up to 23 percent of crashes and nearcrashes are caused by driver distraction, and these figures will likely increase as more and more distractions, both inside and outside the vehicle, compete for driver attention. Taxonomy of mitigation strategies for driver distraction birsen donmez, linda boyle, john d. Each stage identifies different effects of interruptions. More generally, the concepts from communication theory of grounding and. Welcome to the 5 th international conference on driver distraction and inattention. Driver distraction volpe national transportation systems. Drivers attitudes toward imperfect distraction mitigation. Driver distraction is not a new problem in road safety. Page 2 physical distraction occurs when a driver takes one or both hands off the wheel while driving to manipulate an object, instead of focussing on the tasks required for safe driving.
The causes and consequences of distraction in everyday driving. One important aspect of safe driving is the minimization of various distractions, both inside and outside the vehicle. Models of attention, distraction, and highway hazard avoidance. Theory, effects, and mitigation edited by michael a. Driver distraction is a diversion of attention away from activities critical for. Driver distraction can be considered as a specific form of driver inattention and has been defined as the diversion of attention away from activities critical for safe driving toward a competing. Distraction detection and mitigation through driver feedback. Theory, effects and mitigation, published by crc press in 2008 and initiated and cochaired the first international conference on driver distraction and inattention, held in gothenburg, sweden, in september 2009. The effects of concurrent invehicle tasks, road environment complexity and age on driving performance. Distractions are shown to compromise the safety of the driver, passengers, pedestrians, and people in other vehicles.
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